CIRHOSIS OF LIVER

CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER

- It is defined as the change in architecture and function of liver.

CAUSES:

- Alcohol

- Hepatitis B , C

- Wilson disease ( deposition of Cu^++ in liver )

- Haemochromotosis

- Sarcoidosis

- Toxin e.g. Pesticides

- Cryptogenic cirrhosis

- Billiary cirrhosis ( primary and secondary)

TYPES

- According to the size of nodule :

1.) Micro nodule (<1mm)

2.) Macro nodule (>1 mm)

3.) Mixed nodule

Clinical Features

- Alopecia 

- Hepatic face

                 √ Jaundice

                 √ Shining face

                 √ Redness

                 √ Foetus hepaticus 

- Male: 

Gynaecomastia ( enlargement of breast in male)

Atrophy of testis

- Female:

Atrophy of breast , irregular menstruation

- Dialated vein or abdomen

- Less pubic hair

- Capillary haemorrhage

- Echymycosis

- Pedal oedema

INVESTIGATION

- USG of liver 

- Liver function test

              √ Alt

              √ Ast

              √ Protein

              √ Prothrombin

- CBC

- Serum 

- Chest X-ray

TREATMENT

- Treatment according to the underlying cause

- General treatment

               √ Avoid alcohol

               √ High glucose diet

               √ Protein , consume less fat

- Symptomatic treatment

         If fever give Paracetamol

- Liver transplant