Peptic ulcer

 PEPTIC ULCER 

peptic region: It includes lower oesophagus stomach and 1st part of duodenum .

Ulcer: any discountinity of mucous membranes is called ulcer.

Peptic ulcer: any discountinity of mucous membrane of the peptic region is called peptic ulcer.

Causes 

-Idiopathic (थाहाँ नभएको )

-smoking

-H.pyloric

-Spicy oily foods

-Stress 

-Drugs like NSAID 

SYMPTOMS 

-heart burn 

-Aneroxia

-Nausea vomiting

-Abdominal pain

-Water brash 

-Constipation 

-Heamotemesis ( blood vomiting)

-Malena (blood in stool)

Sign (o/e)

-Tenderness in epigastric region(pain feel by pt during touching them by dr.)

- Pointing sign positive (showing pain region by patient by one finger or two finger )

-Muscle guarding(hardness of muscle in epigastric)

INVESTIGATION 

- endoscopy

- Stool for occult in blood - test 

- CBC

    . Total count 

    . Differential count 

- Biopsy 

COMPLICATIONS

- perforation 

- heamorhage 

- peritonitis 

- shock , death 

TREATMENT 

General treatment 

      - Rest 

      - Normal diet 

Symptomatic treatment

  If abdominal pain then use antispasmodic or tab spasmo ( 🆘

Specific treatment 

-Antibiotics like elathromycin

- Triple therapy  

(Note. Triple therapy include PPI and 2 antibiotics )