ACUTE PERITONITIS

ACUTE PERITONITIS

Acute inflammation of the peritoneum , the serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering the viscera .

Causes : 

I) Injury 

II) Trauma 

III) Gun shot wound 

IV) Stab wound 

V) Others 

          - inflammation

          - bacteria

          - perforation of 

   vi) GI organs 

          - Dialysis 

Clinical Manifestations

I. Swelling and tenderness in the abdomen 

II. Fever and chills 

III. Nausea and vomiting 

IV. Pain 

V. Shallow breath 

VI. Low BP 

VII. Limited urine production

VIII. Inability to pass gas or faeces 

Investigation : 

I. WBC test 

II. Serum , electrolytes study 

III. Abdominal X-ray

IV. USG of abdomen 

V. CT- scan 

VI. MRI 

Complications : 

✓ Sepsis 

✓ Shock 

✓ Intestinal obstruction

Management : 

1) Medical management ; 

I. Fluid

II. Analgesic

III. Intubation and suction

IV. Oxygen therapy

V. Antibiotic therapy

2) Surgical management ; 

I. Exploratory laparotomy 

II. Excision

III. Resection

IV. Fecal diversion 

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